Experimental Research


The Site : The Blackwood Division of the Duke Forest is near Durham, North Carolina (35° 58' 41.430"N, 79° 05' 39.087" W, 163 m asl) about 10 miles from the Duke University Campus. Mean annual precipitation is 1140 mm, and mean annual temperature is 15.5 °C. Soils are acidic Hapludalf, with a clayey loam in the upper 0.3 m, and clay below down to the bedrock at 0.7 m. Maximum soil moisture is 0.54 m3m-3. The local topographic variations are small (<5% slopes). The three vegetation types (abandoned Old Field - OF; Mid-rotation Pine Plantation - PP; & 80-100-year-old Oak-Hickory Type Deciduous Forest - DF) represent a typical land-use sequence in the piedmont region of N.C. The OF and PP cover types were established after a clear-cut and burn in 1983. Pine seedlings were planted (2 X 2.4 m), and natural regeneration added a large number of additional species. The Old Field is mowed every year to check the encroachment of pine and hardwood species.
Data sets and site descriptions can be found at: Duke University C-H2O Website, C-H2O Ecology group's data archive, and Duke University's FACE-FACTS I site.

Equipment: Our research group has six triaxial sonic anemometers that can sample all three velocity components and virtual potential temperature at 10 Hz, 4 Licor 7500 infrared gas analyzers that can sample water vapor density and CO2 concentration every 0.1 s, two CO2/H2O Licor 6262 infrared fast response gas analyzer that can sample mean CO2 and water vapor concentration through a ten level multiport system, and several fine wire thermocouples that can sample air temperature every 0.1 s. A sample data set from such sonic devices collected in the atmospheric surface layer of the OF is available at Sample Measurements. Standard micrometeorological instruments that measure net radiation (Q7 Fritshen), incoming and reflected shortwave radiation, soil heat flux plates, mean air and soil temperature, and soil moisture by time-domain reflectometery are also available. In addition, an NSF academic research infrastructure grant permited us to purchase a mobile lab comprising a van and a 20 m telescopic mast, with an internal DC to AC generator. The van can be rapidly deployed to a remote site and configured to measure eddy-covariance fluxes above a given vegetation cover.